// Select a loop type → click components to troubleshoot → watch signal paths light up
// Control Loop Fundamentals
SETPOINT → CONTROLLER → VALVE → PROCESS → SENSOR → back to CONTROLLER
Signal Types:
Analog: 4–20mA (most common), 0–10V
Digital: HART, Foundation Fieldbus, Profibus
Pneumatic: 3–15 PSI (legacy)
Common Failures:
1 Sensor drift or failure
2 Transmitter calibration off
3 Controller tuning issues (P/I/D wrong)
4 Valve sticking or hysteresis
5 Process disturbances (load changes, fouling)